Mesothelioma is a rare and aggressive cancer primarily caused by asbestos exposure, affecting older adults most commonly. Understanding the types of mesothelioma in seniors is crucial for early detection and tailored care. Each type is based on the location of the cancer and its cellular structure, which can affect treatment options and outcomes. Here are the five key types of mesothelioma you should know about.
Pleural Mesothelioma
Pleural mesothelioma is the most common type, accounting for 75% to 90% of cases. This form develops in the pleura, the thin membrane surrounding the lungs. For older adults, this type often presents symptoms such as shortness of breath, chest pain, a persistent cough, and unexplained weight loss.
Since these symptoms can be mistaken for other respiratory issues, it’s important to consult a healthcare professional if you or your loved one experiences any of these warning signs.
Peritoneal Mesothelioma
Peritoneal mesothelioma affects the lining of the abdomen, called the peritoneum, and makes up 10% to 15% of mesothelioma cases. Symptoms include abdominal pain or swelling, nausea, loss of appetite, and fever.
This type is less common but can be particularly challenging to diagnose due to the variety of gastrointestinal symptoms. If your loved one shows these signs, it’s essential to seek medical attention to rule out serious conditions like mesothelioma.
Pericardial Mesothelioma
Pericardial mesothelioma is extremely rare, accounting for only 1% to 2% of mesothelioma cases. This type affects the pericardium, the protective lining around the heart. Symptoms can include chest pain, difficulty breathing, and an irregular heartbeat.
Given its location near the heart, pericardial mesothelioma can quickly become life-threatening if left untreated. Older adults who experience these symptoms should undergo a thorough medical evaluation to determine the cause.
Testicular Mesothelioma
Testicular mesothelioma is the rarest form, with fewer than 300 documented cases. It occurs in the tunica vaginalis, the lining around the testes. Symptoms of this type often include scrotal swelling and painless lumps in the testicles.
Though it is rare, testicular mesothelioma should not be ignored. Older adults experiencing these symptoms should consult a doctor immediately for proper diagnosis and treatment options.
Biphasic Mesothelioma
Biphasic mesothelioma is unique because it contains both epithelioid and sarcomatoid cells, which are two different types of cancer cells. This type makes up 10% to 20% of cases, and its prognosis depends on which cell type is more dominant.
Symptoms may overlap with those of pleural or peritoneal mesothelioma, such as weight loss and fatigue, depending on where the tumors develop. Due to the mixed cellular nature, treatment outcomes can vary, making it essential to consult a medical expert for proper care.
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